Do upper and lower epidermis of leaves contain chloroplasts?

The correct understanding is that the upper and lower epidermis of leaves typically does not contain chloroplasts. The primary function of the epidermis is to serve as a protective barrier for the plant. This outer layer of cells helps to prevent water loss and protect against pathogens and environmental stresses.

In leaves, chloroplasts, which are the organelles responsible for photosynthesis, are predominantly found in the mesophyll tissue, specifically in the palisade and spongy mesophyll layers. These layers are located between the upper epidermis and lower epidermis and are specialized for light capture and gas exchange, which are essential for the process of photosynthesis.

While certain plants may exhibit variations, generally, the epidermis lacks chloroplasts, making it an effective structure primarily for protection and regulation of gas exchange rather than photosynthesis itself.