What is carbon fixation?

Carbon fixation refers to the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) into organic compounds. This process is essential for photosynthesis, as it transforms inorganic carbon into a form that can be utilized by living organisms, specifically in the formation of sugars and other carbohydrates. During carbon fixation, CO2 is assimilated into the biochemical pathways of the plant, primarily through the Calvin cycle, leading to the production of glucose and other vital organic molecules.

Understanding the significance of carbon fixation is crucial as it underpins the entire food web on Earth. The organic compounds produced through this process not only serve as an energy source for plants themselves but also provide sustenance for herbivores and, subsequently, carnivores. This foundational role in the ecosystem highlights the importance of carbon fixation in both the carbon cycle and in supporting life.