What is meant by 'cultivar' in plant science?

In plant science, the term 'cultivar' refers specifically to a cultivated variety that has been selected for particular desirable traits. These traits can include ornamental characteristics, disease resistance, improved yield, or other agronomic qualities. Cultivars are often developed through selective breeding practices to enhance these features and are distinct from wild varieties, which have not been intentionally selected for any specific traits.

The importance of cultivars lies in their ability to provide consistency in plant performance and characteristics, which is crucial for both commercial agriculture and gardening. Cultivars are typically given a unique name to distinguish them from other varieties and ensure that growers can quickly identify the specific plant they wish to cultivate.

In contrast, wild varieties, hybrids, and generic names do not meet this specific definition because they either lack selection for desired traits or do not refer to a single, identified cultivated type.